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ABOUT USBinzhou Donghailong Piston Co., Ltd. was established in August 2003 and is located at No. 23, Zhangfu Road, Binzhou Industrial Park. The company has a registered capital of 5 million yuan and 286 employees. The company covers
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Piston Design of Automobile Internal Combustion Engine
The fierce competition in the automobile market has prompted the manufacturers to greatly shorten the product development cycle; the rapid development of the engine towards supercharging, high power, and lightweight has made researchers pay more attention to the improvement of the engine structure. As the heart of the engine, the piston is a component with relatively high technical content. Due to its harsh working conditions, high mechanical and thermal loads often lead to cracking of the piston pin seat, early wear of the ring groove, thermal cracking of the throat edge of the combustion chamber on the top surface of the piston, and other faults. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out finite element analysis and calculation on the piston, master the distribution law of the thermal stress and mechanical stress of the piston, and provide a strong basis for the design of the piston. With the continuous development of society, various advanced design, test and process methods have appeared in the design method of piston. For example, the finite element technology has greatly improved the strength of the piston in design; the finite element analysis of the temperature field of the piston can be very accurate. The actual working environment temperature of the simulated piston. The power of the engine is continuously increased, and the emission of exhaust gas has been greatly improved compared with the past, which improves the efficiency and scientificity of the design.
This paper summarizes the basic laws of piston design, and uses UG to establish the geometric model of the piston. Considering the axial symmetry of the piston, a quarter finite element model of the piston is established. The coupled analysis of temperature field and thermal stress is carried out on the designed piston by means of finite element analysis, and finally the designed piston is evaluated after analysis and reasonable results are obtained. The results show that the piston is dominated by thermal stress at the top and mechanical stress at the skirt. As an important basis for the evaluation of piston heat load, the temperature of the first ring groove is 165-215 ℃, which will not affect the sealing performance of the gas ring due to excessive temperature (the gelling temperature of high-temperature lubricating oil for pistons is 220 ℃). The advantages of computer-aided engineering technology in the early stage of product design are shown through the three-dimensional modeling and finite element analysis of the piston: on the one hand, the basic computer analysis model is established, and the simulation is carried out to guide the design of the product; On the other hand, it serves as a virtual analysis platform and provides some normative or empirical modeling references, and also lays the foundation for improving the company's independent development and innovation capabilities in technology.
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The live village is called the heart of the engine. It is one of the most important parts in the engine. Its function is to bear the gas pressure and transmit it to the connecting rod through the piston pin to drive the crankshaft to rotate. When the engine is working, the piston is directly in contact with the high-temperature gas with an instantaneous temperature of 2200 degrees Celsius, and the temperature at the top reaches 300C-400C, and the temperature distribution is uneven: the top of the piston bears a large gas pressure during the power stroke, the gasoline engine reaches 4MPar5MPa, and the diesel engine Up to 8MP~9MPa, or even higher: In addition, the line speed of the reciprocating movement of the piston in the cylinder can reach llm/s~1m/s; work under such harsh conditions.
The piston is called the "heart" of the internal combustion engine. It is not only closely related to the performance, emissions, and economy of the internal combustion engine, but also directly related to the reliability of the internal combustion engine; most of the existing piston structures are shown in Figure 1. The cooling oil passage 12, the ring bank 13, the piston pin hole and the skirt 14 are composed of four parts. The internal combustion engine piston works under the harsh conditions of high temperature, high pressure, high speed and poor lubrication. Serious and poor heat dissipation conditions, so the temperature of the piston is very high when it is working, especially its top can reach 600-700K; in addition, because the pressure of the gas on the top of the piston is very high, the top of the piston must bear a strong impact when it is working.
Cleverly install the piston pin. The piston pin and the pin hole are an interference fit. When installing, put the piston in water or engine oil and heat it evenly to 90°C~100°C. After taking it out, put the tie rod at an appropriate position between the holes of the piston pin seat, and then install the piston pin coated with engine oil in the predetermined direction. Insert it into the piston pin hole and the copper sleeve of the connecting rod.
When the temperature changes, the size and shape change should be small, and the minimum gap between the cylinder wall and the cylinder wall should be kept.
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